Food Biosci 47:101619
When both are low, fatigue becomes constant
They interact with metabolic signalling pathways that influence inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and gut hormone secretion
None of these mechanisms directly target appetite, fat metabolism, or caloric regulation
These and many other early experiments that used viscometry to study protein denaturation and unfolding laid the groundwork for understanding intrinsically disordered states by showing that a rigid, compact, globular protein has a small effect on viscosity because it occupies a small hydrodynamic volume (they typically have a low intrinsic viscosity, in the range of 34 mL/g, which is independent of protein molecular mass), whereas an unfolded, flexible, or disordered protein adopts a random coil-like conformation, creating a much larger hydrodynamic volume that increases the solutions viscosity (intrinsic viscosity of unfolded proteins increases with increase in molecular mass)