However, natural testosterone production declines with age, chronic illness, or hormonal disorders
182 Dysregulated STAT3 activity, driven by HSP60, promotes oncogenic transcriptional programs that enhance cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis
MOTS-c is one of the several mitochondrial-derived peptides, including humanin and the SHLP family of peptides
A total of 13462 and 16359 precursor molecules were acquired from the positive and negative ion models, respectively, which were used for subsequent analysis
MS2 spectra were fragmented by higher energy collision dissociation (HCD) (normalised collision energy (NCE) = 30) activation mode, and the ion-trap was selected as the mass analyser