Methods: The multidisciplinary team (MDT) clinic comprised 2 physicians, 2 alcohol nurse specialists and a dietician
In addition, after high-dosage intravenous administration (50 mg/kg of body weight), Glutathione shows the following pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy volunteers
Mechanism of glutaredoxin-ISU [2Fe2S] cluster exchange
What GHK-Cu adds to the formulation: Gene expression modulation across hundreds of genes including collagen genes (Type I, III), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, anti-inflammatory mediators Collagen synthesis stimulation, specifically Type I and Type III collagen the structural proteins of skin, connective tissue, and many other tissues Anti-inflammatory signaling through investigated effects on TNF-, IL-6, and NF-B pathways Copper-peptide chemistry effects including cofactor activity for skin-relevant enzymes Skin-research and hair-research applications (the GHK-Cu literature in these areas is substantial) For the GHK-Cu deep-dive, see Copper Peptides Explained
Choline Choline can be synthesized by the body in small amounts, but dietary intake is needed to maintain health