Cellular oxidative stress causes the dissociation of the complex, oligomerization of GSTP, and induction of the JNK pathway, resulting in apoptosis
Most commonly via subcutaneous injection near the injury site or systemically
When used in scalp serums, side effects are typically mild and uncommon
Am J Physiol 268:G673G684 Kimura H, Miura S, Shigematsu T, Ohkubo N, Tsuzuki Y, Kurose I, Higuchi H, Akiba Y et al (1997) Increased nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in colonic mucosa of patients with active ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease
Vascular injury and thrombotic disorders show interesting preclinical findings with BPC-157 preventing pathological thrombus formation while maintaining physiological hemostasis