Since their introduction, they have been noted to have a myriad of other benefits, including cardiovascular and renal protective effects in patients both with and without diabetes
Our approach is always gentle, respectful, and tailored to the individual
However, individual responses vary considerably, and the degree of appetite reduction differs among patients
Triggers of elevated ceramide levels comprise hyperosmotic shock [122], secreted sphingomyelinases (SMases) during inflammation [125], sepsis [126] or severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [127], Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin [128], and platelet-activating factor [129]
The message to the patient is that we are still investigating. Similar findings were reported in a different study in 2024 by scientists at the University of Harvard