10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153715 45 Rivas-UrbinaA.RullA.Ordez-LlanosJ.Snchez-QuesadaJ
The most frequent issues reported by patients are gastrointestinal, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation
Additionally, these medications slow gastric emptying, which contributes to improved postprandial glucose control and promotes satiety, leading to reduced caloric intake and weight loss
There is also a major need for products that prevent sarcopenia
Studies demonstrate that LPS activates adipose tissue macrophages via TLR4 receptors, promoting the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-, which in turn induces excessive lipolysis in adipocytes, generating large quantities of free fatty acids (FFAs) ( 3.5 Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis disruption Disruption of gut microbiota leading to systemic LPS translocation not only impairs peripheral organ function but also exacerbates PCOS pathology by interfering with the neuroendocrine regulation of the HPO axis ( 4 Gut microbiota characteristics in PCOS Recent studies have shown distinct differences in gut microbial composition between PCOS and healthy controls