Cuadrado and colleagues first showed that GSK-3 inhibits NRF2 activity, but the identification of sites in NRF2 that are phosphorylated by GSK-3 was achieved several years later using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry: GSK-3 phosphorylates a group of Ser residues at the level of DSGIS motif in the Neh6 domain of NRF2, and this event represents the signal for the recognition by the adapter protein -TrCP, that targets NRF2 for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in a KEAP1-independent manner [150, 151]
Metabolic disorders such as diabetes, which can result in infections and chronic wounds, are multifactorial
Morphologically, ferroptosis is marked by a decrease or disappearance of mitochondrial crests, rupture and contraction of the outer mitochondrial membrane, and shrinkage and darkening of the volume and color of the mitochondria, but the morphological changes in the nucleus are not obvious ( c GSH-GPX4 antioxidant axis, the upstream regulator system x c - is inhibited, and the cystine transport pathway is blocked, resulting in a reduction in cystine transfer and cysteine reduced by NADPH ( Main regulator of ferroptosis GPX4 Since Scott J
Research also examined its effects on metalloproteinase activity and extracellular matrix turnover in skin tissue models
Cell 36 , 131140 (2009)
